Carbureter.



WQ C. CARTERIl` CARBUBBTBR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 12, 1910.

Patented N0v.28, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

unirse s'rAt-*Es PATENT OFFICE. l

` wiLLIAM c. CARTER, oF sT. Louis, mussolini..

CARBURETE'R.

l,To allfwhom it may concern: V

- new and useful Improvement in'Carbureters,

of which the following is a full,l clear, and

exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art -towhich it appertains to `make and use the same. f

This invention relates to carbureters, and

particularly' to carburetersV of that type which comprise a verticallydisposed multiple jet tube in which the liquid fuel rises and falls asthe speed of the motor varies.

The main `object of my present invention is to provide a carbureter thatis economical in the consumption of fuel-and which will produce auniform mixture at differentspeeds ofthe motor.

Another object is to provide a carbureterthat is equipped with a primaryjet which supplies fuel to the mixing chamber up to a certain speed ofthe motor, and a multiple jet which vcomes .into service automaticallyand supplies varying quantities of fuel when the motor is running abovea certain speed. And still another object is to provide' a carbureterwhich is so designed that the operator can adjust the throttle valveaccurately and with verylittle trouble.

()ther objects and 'desirable features of luy invention will behereinafter pointed out.

l have herein illustrated my present-im vention embodied in acarbureterof the construction described innny pending applica tionSerial No. 526,823, filed November 8, 1909, but I wish it to beunderstood that the .invention is not' limited to a carbureter of theexact construction shown in said pending application as the particulardesign of l the mixing chamber, the air valve and the float chamber areimmaterialv so faras broad idea is concerned.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical sectional view of a carbureterembodying my present invention; Fig. 2 is atop plan view of a portion ofsaid carbureter, said view being taken on approximately the line 2 2 ofFig. l; Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on approximately'theline 3 3 of Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken onapproximately the line 4 4 of Fig.f1; Fig'. is a horizontal sectionalspecicanon ofrettersment. raten-tea Nov. 28, 1911, Application filedApril i12, 1810. -Serial No. 554.978.

view taken on approximately ,theline 5 5.' 55 of Fig. l; Fig. 6 is aperspective view ofthe y air valve that'is arranged at the upper end ofsaid pipe; Fig. r is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of myinvention; and. Fig. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line8 8 of Fig. 7.

Referring vtothe drawings which illustrate'the` preferred form of mypresent. invention, l designates the mixing chamber of the carbureter, 2the throttle valve, 3 the lauxiliary air valve that supplies air to themixing chamber, 3ft the spring that holds said Valve seated, 4 the floatchamber, and

5 the {ioat in said chamber which governs the valve 6 thatcontrols thesupply of liquid fuel to the float chamber. An open-ended air'pipe 7which projects into'a-contracted portion 1a of the mixing chamber,surrounds a vertically disposed multiple jet tube A whose 'upper end isclosed by a screw Vor plug 8 and whose lower end communicates with a.fuel duct S) that leads to the float `chamber so as to perlnit vliquidfuel to 'pass up into said jet tube and escapev laterally throughtheports or perfor-ations 10 therein.

`The air pipe 7 is spaced away from the side walls and from the bottomof the contracted portion 1a of the mixing chamber so as to provide apassageway through which air can travel from the 'lower end of the airpipe up around same and 'into the mixing chamber, said air pipe 7 beingpreferably tapered slightly, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to cause thevelocity ofthe air to increaseV as it approaches the lower end of saidpipe. The carbureter herein shown is provided with a conduit 1b thatestablishes communication between th'e mixing chamber and the .intakepipe of the motor above the throttle valve so asto insure sufficientsuction in the mixing chamber when the motor is throttled downl to causethe air to travel through said mixing chamber quickly enough to preventthe fuel from becoming deposited on the walls thereof.

The carbureter isy equipped 4with a primary jet vB for supplying fueltothe mixing chamber up to a certain speed of the motor.

and in the construction herein shown said primary -jet communicatesWith'the fuel duct 9 and is so arranged that it injects a jet of fuelinto the contracted p ortion'la of the mixingchamber adjacent the lowerend of v ber and the enlarged or upper portion lo'f the the air i pipe 7'Said primary jet B is preferably mounted in a screw-threaded opening inthe bottom of' the contractedportion 1a of the mixing chamber so that itcan be gotten at and removed easily b taking o the casting that formsthe top o the ioat chammixing chamber. Two air ports `1'1 are formed inthe-bottom of the -contracted portion 1L on opposite sides of theprimary .jet B, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to cause currents of air totravel upwardly past-the opening in the jet B when a suction is createdin the mixing chamber and thus'suck a jet of liquidV fuel out of the jetB upwardly into the contracted p ortion of the mixing chamber, said jetof liquid fuel becoming vaporized or converted into a gas by the airwhich enters through the air ports 11.` The air ports 11 20 an hour, thefuelthat is supplied by the prievo mary jet B. and vaporized by the airthat enters the mixing chamber through the air ports 1l, produces amixture of the proper richness. At such times, namely, when the mot rris running at slow speed, the multiple jet tube A is inoperative becausethe-quantity of air that is .drawn down through the air pipe7 is notgreat enough to cause the liquid fuel to be sucked up into said iettube,

this being due to the fact that the air ports ll establish directcommunication between the mixing chamber and the atmosphere. Whenthemotor exceeds this, speed,however, or when the suction in the mixingchamber exceeds a certain degree the quanti y of air that travelsdownwardly through the air pipe 7 becomes so great that the air in'thejet tube A will be thus produce a partial vacuum in said tube whichcauses the liquid fuel to be sucked up into same from the fuel duct 9.The fuel that rises in the iet tube A escapes laterally through theperfor-ations l0 therein in the form of a fine spray or plurality ofjets which are vaporized or converted into a gas by the air that passesdownwardly'through the air pipe 7 and into the mixing chamber.

As .the motor builds up speed the fuel rises higher in the jet-tube-Aand thus'brings more of the ports 10 in said tube into service, therebyautomatically increasing the supply of fuel as the suction in the mixingchamber increases, the fuel rising and falling in the jet tube Aaccording to the intensucked out of same and sity of the suction in` themixing chamber. The air valve 3 is so designed that it autoa mati'ca-llyincreases or diminishes the supply of air to the mixing chamber as thespeed of the motor increases or diminishes so as to cause the air supplyto vary automatically as lthe supply of fuel varies and thus produce a4uniform mixture. K l I A carbureter of the construction above describedis economical in the consumption of fuel, owing to' the fact that theprimary jet B supplies a comparatively small quantity of fuel to themixing chamber when the motor is running at slow speed, and the multiplej et tube A supplies a greater quantity of fuel when the motor buildsvup speed, the air ports 11, air pipe 7, and air valve 3 being-sodesigned that just thel proper proportion of airis supplied to themixing chamber to produce a unifor mixture at different speeds .of themoto rI`he multiple jet tube A comes into service automatically as thespeed of the motor increases or exceeds what is commonly termed slowspeed, and as the level of the fuel in the jet tube A rises and falls asthe suction in the mixing chamber varies, the`quantity of liquid fuelthat escapes from said jet tube will vary automatically as the speed ofthe motor varies.

From the foregoing it will be seen that my improved carbureter not onlyproduces ar uniform mixture at different speeds of the motor but itisalso easy to start as a slight suction in the mixing chamber causes airto be drawn into Isame through the ports 11 which are soarrangedrelatively to the primary jet -B that a 'jet of fuel will be sucked upthrough said jet and into the path ofthe air which is traveling into themixing chamber. The primary et B is mounted in such a 105 manner that itcan be removed easily so that it is a very simple matter to clean thejet or substitute a jet having a different-sized opening.

The primary jet B and air ports 1'1, that 110 coperate with same couldbe arranged in various other ways than herein shown without-A departingfrom the spirit of my invention, and while I prefer to have the Aprimaryjet B communicate with the fuel duct 9 that sup- 115 plies fuel to themultiple jet A, it will, of

course, be obvious that independent fuel ducts could be provided forsupplying fuel to said primary jet andv multiple jet. Furthermore, mybroad idea is not limited to a 120 carbureter having a primary jet thatintroduces fuel into a contracted portion of the mixing chamber for, ifdesired, the primary liet could he so arranged as to introduce fuel intosome other portion of the mixing cham- 125 ber. While I have herein usedthe term slow speed to designate' speeds up.. to twenty miles an hour, Iwish -it to be understood that this term is only used relatively as theoperation of the carbureter will varyA V,cated portion which embracesthe shaft 14,

and a screw 17 is mounted in said bifurcated portion so as to dr'aw theparts thereof together and thus securely clamp the arm 15 tod the rockshaft 14: Infview of the fact that it is necessary for the cont-rollingdevice or i mechanism and the throttle valve to be con- .nected together1n such a manner that the valve is either wide open or closed when thecontrolling mechanism is in its extreme positions, it is desirable toprovide some means for enabling the operator to adjust the throttlevalve shaft 14 relatively to the ,arm 15 when the motor is running andthus set the throttle valve in its closed position when the throttlevalve controlling mechanism is inonev of its extreme positions. Themeans herein shown for adjusting the throttle valve consists of an arm18 that is detachably connected to the shaft 14 by means of a set screwor similar device 19, the arm 15 belng connected to the opposite end ofsaid shaft.

To adjust the throttle valve, the operator first loosens the screw 17and then sets the throttle valve controlling mechanism at its extremeposition. He then grasps the handle 18 and turns the throttle valve 14until the throttle valve reaches such a position that the motor stops,thus setting the throttle valve in such a position that the mixturecannot escape from the mixing chamber when the throttle valveAcontrolling mechanism is`in its extreme posit-ion, the screw 17 beingthereafter tightened so as to securely clamp the operating-arm 15 to the-throttle valve shaft.

A valve 20 is arranged at the upper end of the .air pipe 7 for varyingthe quantity of air that enters said'pipe, and thus varying the heightof the fuel in the jet tube. In the construction herein shown said valveis journaled in the upper end of the air pipe 7 and is provided withan'o'pening through which the multiple jet tube A passes, said `valvebeing'provided on. its under and upper sides with semi-circular-shapedpressed portions 20Et and 20h, respectively, that conform to the shapeof the jet tube A and thus form a clearance for said tube when the valveis wide open. The valve 20 is carried by a rock shaft 21 which isprovided with a handle 22, and some suitable means is provided forlocking said shaft and valve in adj usted position, the means hereinshown consisting of a screw 23 which forces a friction device 24'tightly against the shaft 21, as shown in Fig. 1.- While the valve 20herein shown in itsclosedposition, it will,

of course, be understood that in practice said valve is adjusted so asto permit suilicient air to travel downwardly through the air pipe 7 athigh speed to.produce a mixture of the proper richness.

The combination of an air pipe surroundthe type herein described for it'permits the supply of` fuel to be controlled accurately and easily. ylVhen the valve 20 at the upper end of the air pipe 7 is partly closed acertain suction in the 'mixing'.v chamber will raise the, fuel a certainheight in the jet tube and when said valve is opened further the samesuction in the mixing chamber will not raise the fuel in the jet tube toso great a height. Consequently, the valve 2O controls the height of thefuel in the jet-tube and overcomes the necessity of adjusting the airintake valve of the mixing chamber or substituting a jet tube providedwith a different number of ports or openings each time the carbureterisinstalled.

As previously stated, the particular construction of the primary jet isimmaterial so far as my broad idea is concerned, and in Figs. 7 and 8 Ihave illustrated a slightly modifiedform of my invention which embodiest'he same principles as the construction illustrated in Fig. 1. In theconstruc- -tion shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the multiple jet tube A isprovided at-its lower end with'a hole 25 which constitutes a primary jetand also a plug 26 having a reduced portion which is of less'diameterthan the interior of said jet tube A so as to form a passage- 'way'through which the liquid fuel can travel from the fuel duc-t 9 to thejet opening 25. The plug 26 is provided with a central bore 27 thatestablishes communication between the fuelvduct 9 and the jettube A soas to permit the fuel to pass up into said ljet tube when the motorexceeds a certain speed, as previouslydescribed. The air passageway-12'which supplies air to the primary jet 25 is provided in its top wallwith a ringshaped slot 28 through which the air can escape instead ofonly two air ports 11, as shown in Fig. 1, and a circular flange 29 isarranged adjacent the primary jet 25 so as to form a baille which'causesthe liquid fuel that emerges from the primary jet 25 to be spread in athin film over the baille and over the outer'surface of the jet tube A.When themotorfis running below a certain speed 'a current of air will be'drawn upwardly around the vlower end of the air pipe -7 through thering-shaped air slot 28, and thisv current of air will suck the liquidfuel out of the primary j'et 25 in practically the same mannerpreviously descrlbed in connectlonv the suiicient quantity of air willbe drawn down through the air pipe 7 to create a partial of the vacuuminthe upper portion of the jet tube A, and when this condition existsthe liquid fuel will be drawn up through the bore 27 in the plug intothe jet tube and escape laterally through the perforations- 10 in saidtube.

The primary jets in both forms of my invention are arranged far enoughabove the normal level of the fuel in the float chamber to prevent theliquid fuel from escaping from said jets when the motor `is not inoperation but as soon as a slight suction is -created in the mixingchamber the current' of air that rushes upwardly through the air ports11 in the form shownin Fig'. 1 and throughthe air slot 28 in the formshown in Figs. 7 and 8,*causes the liquid fuel to be sucked upwardly outof said primary jets.

While both forms of my invention are very e'iicient and 'produceexcellent results, the form illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 effects aquicker and more complete vaporization fuel owing to the fact that thebaie 29 spreads the fuel out into a thin lm which is directly exposed toa ring-shaped current of air which passes upwardly around the air pipeinto the mixing chamber. A

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecureby Letters Patent is:

1. A carbureter provided with a primary ,jet which supplies liquid fuelvat all speeds of the motor, a multiple jet which automatically suppliesvarying quantities of liquid' fuel when the motor is running above acertain speed, said vmultiple jet consisting ofa hollow tube providedwith a number of small orifices, and means for creating apartial vacuumof varying intensity in the upper portion of-saidjtube when the motor isrunning above a/certain speed so as to cause liquid fuel to rise andfall in said tube and escape through the orifices therein.

`2. A carbureter provided vwith a primary '/jet for supplying fuel whenthe motor is running at slow speed, and a multiple jet which comes intoservice automatically and supplies varying quantities of fuel when themotor is running above a certain speed, said multiplejet consisting of ahollow perforated tube in which the liquid fuel rises and falls as thesuction in the mixing chamber varies above a certain speed. f

3. A carbureter provided with a vertically disposed jet tube having aplurality of fine ports through which the'liquid fuel-escapes, the upperend of said tube being closed and the lower end ofsaid tubecommunicating with a supply of liquid fuel, and means separate anddistinct fromthe fine jets in said tube for supplying fuel to the mixingchamber of thecarbureter.

4. ,A carbureter provided with a single primary jet, and a multiple jetwhich automatically supplies varying quantlties of fuel to the mixingchamber, sald multiple jet consisting of a lvertically disposedperforated tube that is arranged in such a manner that liquid fuel risesand falls in same automatically as the speed of the motor varies, whenthe motor is running above a certain speed.

5. A carbureter provided with a vertically disposed jet tube having itsupper end closed and provided with perforations or ports arranged atdifferent levels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the-lower end ofsaid jet tube, means for creating a vacuum of varying intensity in theupper portion of said tube so as to cause the fuel to rise and falltherein, and means independent of said jet tube for supplying fuel tothe mixing chamber of the carbureter.

6. A carbureter provided with a vertically' disposed jet tube whoseupper end is closed and whose lower end communicates with a supply' ofliquid fuel, said tube being prol vided with a plurality of-ine jets, anair pipe surrounding said jet tube and comj municating withthe'mixingchamber ofthe carbureter, and a primary jet separate anddistinct from the fine jets in said jet 4tube for supplying fuel vto themixing chamber.

7. A carbureter provided with a jet tube having its upper end closed andits lower end communicating'with a supply of liquid fuel, said tubehaving a number of ports located at different levers, means for causinga current of air to pass downwardly adjacent said tube so as to create apartial vacuum therein and thus cause the fuel to rise autom'aticallylin said tube and escape through the parts therein, and means separateand distinct from said jet tube for supplying fuel to the mixing chamberof the carbureter.

8. In a carbureter, a jet tube provided with ports arranged at differentlevels and having its lower end communicating with .a supply of liquidfuel, a member which surrounds said jet tube to form an airpassageway,tvhe upper end of said member being of greater diameter thanthe lower end of same, a mixing chamber communicating with the lower endof saidv member, and a primary j3et for supplying fuel to said mixingchamer. 9. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed jet tube provided witha plurality of orifices or perforations and having its lower endcommunicating with a supply of liquid fuel, l

mary jet for causing the fuel .to emerge from same, the jet tube beingso arranged ythat y fuel does not. escape ytherefrom when the motor istravclingjat a comparative slow c to said inixiii speed, 1

10. A carbureter providedwith a mixing chamber, a primary jetforsupplying fuel chamber, i means for causing a current of air to passadjacent said jet and slick the fue] `out of same when a suction iscreated iu thev mixing chamber, a vertically disposed jettube providedwith a plurality of ports and having its lower eiidcoiniiiunieating witha supply of'fuel, and an air pipe surrounding said jet tube andcommunicating with the mixing chamber.

11. vA carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, a'pi'imai'y jet thatsupplies fuel to said mixing chamber, an air supply p ort arrangedadjacent saidA jet for establishing .communication between themixingchaniber and the atmosphere, a multiple jet tube communicatingwith a supply .of fuel andprovided with a plurality of perforationsarranged at different levels, andan air pipe surrounding said jet tubeand communicating with the mixingv chamber.

12. In a carbureter, a mixing chamber, av primary jet for supplying fuelto said mixe' ing chamber, a plurality of air ports arranged on oppositesides of said primary jet for supplyingair to the mixing chamber, amultiple jet, and an air passageway surrounding said multiple jet and'communiv` eating ,with the mixing chamber.

13. A carbureter providedmith a mixing chamber, an .automatic airf'valve for ad- 'mitting air to said mixing chamber, a ver ticallydisposed jet tube communicating with a supply of liquid fuel and havingits upper endfclosed, said tube being proVidedntermediatev its end witha plurality of ports """through". ,which the' fuel escapes, an air pipesurroundiiigisaid vertically'disposedfjetitube andgcom'iiiunicating withthe -mixing lchamber, and a primary .jet for supplying fuelto the mixingchamber.

14. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber having a contractedportion, any

open-ended air pipe that projects .into the contracted portion of themixing chamber and whose lowerend is spaced away from thewalls ofjsaidcontractedy portion, a mul# tiple jet tube arranged in said air pipe, aprimaryljet 'for introducing `fuel' into the contracted portion of ysaidmixing chamber, means forv supplying fuel to vsaid primary jetandqmultiple jettube, and air supply ports that admit air lto themixingchamber adjacent l said 'primaryjet 15. vA l carbureter .vided `with aJmixing chamber having.'a' ,contracted. portion, 'an

open-ende`d air-pipe that .projects into; the' "I #jcontracted',portion* of "1 the .mixing chamber and whose lower endis'spaced away"from minates inside of the contracted `fuelffrom same and vaporize it.19. A carbureter provided with a verti the'walls of said-.contractedportion, a multiple jet tube arranged insaid air pipe, a

primary jet for introducing fuel into the `contracted portion of saidmixing chamber, means for supplying fuel to said primary jet andmultiple jet tube, a plurality of` air ports that terminate adjacentsaidprimary jet, and an air passageway for establishing communicationbetween said ports and the atmosphere..

16. A carbureter having a mixing chamber that is'provided with acontracted por. tion, a throttle valve for controlling the passage ofthe mixture from said chamber, an

` air valve for supplying air to said chamber,

vox

maryl j et for supplying air to the mixing chamber.rv

17. InV a carbureter, `a mixing chamber having a contracted A,lowerportion that is provided with a bottom, the upper portion or enlargedportion of said mixing `chamber ybeing formed 'in a casting that isdetachably lconnected to the casting in which the coiitracted portionofthe mixing chamber is formed, a primary jet removably mounted in thebottom of the contracted portion of the mixing chamber, an airportformed in thev bottom of the contracted portion ofthe mixing chamberadjacent said primary jet, and

a, multiple jet tubel projecting upwardly vfrom the bottom of thecontracted portion vof said 'mixing chamber.

ioo

1 8. A carbureter provided with a verti. cally disposed multiple jettube having lits upper end closed and its lower end communicating with asupply of liquid fuel, a primary jet at the lower end of said jet tube,

fand'means for causing air to travel downwardly around said jet tube andupwardlyy past said primary jet so as to suck the liquid cally disposedlhollow jet tube in which the liquid fuelrises and ,falls whenthe/motor..`

exceeds a certain speed, said tube'being provided with a number of smallorifices through which the fuel escapes, an air pipe surroundingsaid-jet tube and communicating with'.l

the mixing chamber of the carbureter, the

' upper end ofs'aid'l tube being closed so that the air whichpasses downsaid air pipe will create a partialivacuum in the upper part of said`tube, andpafp'rimaryjet which supplies liquid fuel tof the` mixingchamber at all speeds of the motor.'

said j et tube passes,

' 20. A carbureter having a vertically disposed jet tube provided withports arranged at different levels through which the vfuel canA escape,

means for supplying liquid fuel to the lower end of said jet tube, anopen.- ended airpipe surrounding said jet tube and communicating at itslower end with mixing chamber of the carbureter so that the suction insaid mixing chamber will cause air to rush down through said' air Apipeand thus create a partial vacuum in the upper part of the jet tube whichcauses the fuel to rise therein, and means for regulating and varyingthe quantity of air that enters the upper end ofsaid air pipe.

2l. A carbureter provided with a verti# cally disposed jet tube inwhichthe liquid fuel' rises and falls,4 an air pipe surrounding saidtube and communicating4 with the mixe ing chamber, a valve arranged insaid pipe and having an opening through which said jet tube passes, saidvalve havi'ng 'bent portions that conform to the shape of said JetAvtube -s0 as-to provide a clearance for same i when the valve is wideopen, a rock shaft the which carries said valve, and a device that`locks said shaft in adjusted position. I

23. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed jet tube having its lower endcommunicating with a supply7 of liquid fuel said tube being providedintermediate its ends with ports through which the fuel escapes, atapered air pipe surrounding said tube and communicating with the mixingchamber of the carbureter so that the suction in the mixing chamber willcause air to be drawn down through said pipe, the upper eid ofsaid airpipe being of greater diameter than the lower end of same, and means forvarying the quantity of air that enters the upper end of said air pipe.v I A '24. In a carbureter, a vertically disposed multiple tube havingits lower end communicating with a supply of liquid fuel, a tapered airpipe surrounding said jet' tube* and having its lower contracted endcommunicating with the mixing chamber of the.

carbureter, and an adjustable baie at the upper end of said air pipe forvarying the quantity of air thatenters said pipe and thus regulatingtube'.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my the height of the fuel in thejet 'signature in the presence of twowitnes'ses,

this ninth day of April 1910.

WILLIAM C. CARTER.

Witnesses WELLS L. CHURCH, GEORGE BAKEWELL.

